Dispensations & Covenants

Dispensational

Reformed (paedobaptist)

New Covenant

1. Innocence

A. Covenant of Works

Period of probation

2. Conscience

B. Covenant of Grace
(initiated with Eve)
1. Anti-diluvian administration

O.C.
develops
with
sacrifices,
circumcision
and then
full Mosaic
Law.
All are
TYPES of
the N.C.

N.C.
promises
to Eve
Noah
Abraham
David
and
prophets

3. Government

2. Noahic administration

4. Promise

3. Abrahamic administration

5. Law

4. Mosaic administration
(+Davidic covenant)

6a. Grace (Spirit)

5. New covenant:
Apostolic administration

O.C. fulfilled in N.C.
by the replacing of all
types with anti-types
and shadows with clarity
in Jesus Christ

(radical new beginning at Pentecost)
<return of Christ>
(differences of views re millennium)

6b. Church age (Word)

<completion of canon marks break>
6. New covenant:
Post-Apostolic administration

<return of Christ>
7. Kingdom

7. Christ's millennial administration
<return of Christ>

Implications

For the Paedobaptist, circumcision and baptism are parallel ceremonies in two administrations. Both are for believers and their children.
For the New Covenant, circumcision is a type, and therefore can only be fulfilled in an antitype (a new heart), not another symbol.
For the Paedobaptist, Israel and the Church are parallel names for the people of God in two administrations. Both are made up of believers and unbelievers, and should extend to the whole nation, including children. Force is appropriate.
For the New Covenant, Israel is a type of the church. The ideal local expression of a church is made up only of believers. We do not fight with the sword, but with spiritual weapons.